Tenses are an essential part of learning any language. In English grammar, tenses help us express the time of action, while in Odia (ଓଡ଼ିଆ), similar structures exist to show present, past, and future actions. This guide presents a complete Tense Chart in Odia, with English-Hindi translations, examples, and helpful comparisons for learners of all levels.
Overview of Tenses
There are three main tenses in English:
- Present (ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ)
- Past (ଅତୀତ)
- Future (ଭବିଷ୍ୟତ)
Each tense is divided into four forms:
- Simple
- Continuous
- Perfect
- Perfect Continuous
So, there are 12 types of tenses in total.
Tense Chart in English, Hindi & Odia
| Tense Type | English Example | Hindi Translation | Odia Translation |
| 1. Simple Present | I eat food. | मैं खाना खाता हूँ। | ମୁଁ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଖାଏ। |
| 2. Present Continuous | I am eating food. | मैं खाना खा रहा हूँ। | ମୁଁ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଖାଉଛି। |
| 3. Present Perfect | I have eaten food. | मैंने खाना खा लिया है। | ମୁଁ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଖାଇସାରିଛି। |
| 4. Present Perfect Continuous | I have been eating food. | मैं खाना खा रहा हूँ (काफी देर से)। | ମୁଁ ବହୁତ ଦିନ ହେଲା ଖାଉଛି। |
| 5. Simple Past | I ate food. | मैंने खाना खाया। | ମୁଁ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଖାଇଲି। |
| 6. Past Continuous | I was eating food. | मैं खाना खा रहा था। | ମୁଁ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଖାଉଥିଲି। |
| 7. Past Perfect | I had eaten food. | मैंने खाना खा लिया था। | ମୁଁ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଖାଇଥିଲି। |
| 8. Past Perfect Continuous | I had been eating food. | मैं खाना खा रहा था (काफी देर से)। | ମୁଁ ବହୁତ ଦିନ ହେଲା ଖାଉଥିଲି। |
| 9. Simple Future | I will eat food. | मैं खाना खाऊँगा। | ମୁଁ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଖାଉଁବି। |
| 10. Future Continuous | I will be eating food. | मैं खाना खा रहा होऊँगा। | ମୁଁ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଖାଉଥିବି। |
| 11. Future Perfect | I will have eaten food. | मैं खाना खा चुका होऊँगा। | ମୁଁ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଖାଇସାରିଥିବି। |
| 12. Future Perfect Continuous | I will have been eating food. | मैं काफी समय से खाना खा रहा होऊँगा। | ମୁଁ ବହୁତ ସମୟ ହେଲା ଖାଉଥିବି। |
Odia Verb Basics for Tense Conversion
- ଖାଏ (khaae) → eats
- ଖାଉଛି (kahuchhi) → is eating
- ଖାଇଲି (khaili) → ate
- ଖାଉଁବି (khaadi) → will eat
- ଖାଇସାରିଛି (khaisaarichhi) → has eaten
- ଖାଉଥିଲି (kahuthila) → was eating
- ଖାଉଥିବି (khatibi) → will be eating
Simple Sentences in All 12 Tenses (Odia Translation)
| Tense | English | Odia |
| Simple Present | She sings. | ସେ ଗାଏ। |
| Present Continuous | She is singing. | ସେ ଗାଉଛି। |
| Present Perfect | She has sung. | ସେ ଗାଇସାରିଛି। |
| Present Perfect Continuous | She has been singing. | ସେ ବହୁତ ଦିନ ହେଲା ଗାଉଛି। |
| Simple Past | She sang. | ସେ ଗାଇଲି। |
| Past Continuous | She was singing. | ସେ ଗାଉଥିଲି। |
| Past Perfect | She had sung. | ସେ ଗାଇଥିଲି। |
| Past Perfect Continuous | She had been singing. | ସେ ବହୁତ ସମୟ ଧରି ଗାଉଥିଲି। |
| Simple Future | She will sing. | ସେ ଗାଉଁବି। |
| Future Continuous | She will be singing. | ସେ ଗାଉଥିବି। |
| Future Perfect | She will have sung. | ସେ ଗାଇସାରିଥିବି। |
| Future Perfect Continuous | She will have been singing. | ସେ ବହୁତ ସମୟ ଧରି ଗାଉଥିବି। |
Practice Exercise: Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blanks with the correct verb forms and translate to Odia:
- He ___ (go) to school every day.
- They ___ (play) cricket now.
- I ___ (complete) my homework already.
- She ___ (write) a letter yesterday.
- We ___ (visit) the temple next week.
Answers (English + Odia):
- goes → ସେ ପ୍ରତିଦିନ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟକୁ ଯାଏ।
- are playing → ସେମାନେ ବର୍ତ୍ତମାନ କ୍ରିକେଟ ଖେଳୁଛନ୍ତି।
- have completed → ମୁଁ ମୋର ହୋମୱାର୍କ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ କରିସାରିଛି।
- wrote → ସେ ଗତକାଲି ଚିଠି ଲେଖିଲା।
- will visit → ଆମେ ଆସନ୍ତା ସପ୍ତାହେ ମନ୍ଦିରକୁ ଯିବୁ।
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How many tenses are there in English grammar?
There are 12 tenses divided among Present, Past, and Future categories.
Is there a direct equivalent of English tenses in Odia?
Yes, but Odia uses more verb endings and auxiliary markers instead of strict tense forms.
What is “Present Perfect” in Odia?
It shows completed action and uses phrases like “ଖାଇସାରିଛି” (has eaten).
Can I use tenses in Odia for formal writing?
Yes. Understanding tenses in Odia helps in both formal writing and speaking.
How to practice English-Odia tense translation?
Start with daily actions, write them in English, then try to translate to Odia using the chart.
Understanding tenses in both Odia and English allows for more fluent, accurate, and meaningful communication. Use this Tense Chart in Odia as your go-to reference for building grammar confidence across three languages—Odia, Hindi, and English.